Leakage circuit breakerya ƙunshi sifili jerin sifili na yanzu, allon kayan aikin lantarki, sakin ɗigogi da na'urar da'ira tare da wuce gona da iri da kariyar gajeriyar kewayawa.Bangaren kariyar yabo na mai watse da'ira ya ƙunshi sifili jerin sifili na yanzu (bangaren ji), mai sarrafa aiki (bangaren sarrafawa) da sakin lantarki (aiki da ɓangaren aiwatarwa).Duk matakai da sifili na babban da'irar da aka kayyade suna wucewa ta cikin tsakiyar ƙarfe na sifili na gidan wuta na yanzu don samar da babban gefen sifilin sifili na yanzu.Za'a iya fahimtar ƙa'idar aiki na leakage circuit breaker kamar haka:leakage circuit breakerba zai iya kare girgiza wutar lantarki mai hawa biyu ba wanda ke tuntuɓar matakai biyu a lokaci guda.An kwatanta abin da ke gaba:
A cikin adadi, l shine na'urar lantarki na lantarki, wanda zai iya fitar da wuka mai sauya K1 don cire haɗin haɗin idan ya faru.Kowane hannun gada yana haɗe a jere tare da 1N4007 guda biyu don haɓaka ƙarfin juriya.Ƙimar juriya na R3 da R4 suna da girma sosai, don haka lokacin da K1 ke rufe, halin yanzu yana gudana ta L yana da ƙananan ƙananan, wanda bai isa ya sa maɓallin K1 ya bude ba.R3 da R4 su ne ƙarfin lantarki daidaita resistors na thyristors T1 da T2, wanda zai iya rage ƙarfin lantarki jure bukatun thyristors.K2 shine maɓallin gwaji, wanda ke taka rawar simulating leaka.Danna maɓallin gwadawa K2 kuma an haɗa K2, wanda yayi daidai da zubar da layin rayuwa na waje zuwa ƙasa.Ta wannan hanyar, jimlar vector na halin yanzu na layin wutar lantarki mai kashi uku da layin sifiri da ke wucewa ta zoben maganadisu ba sifili ba ne, kuma akwai fitowar wutar lantarki da aka jawo a duka ƙarshen a da B na nada ganowa akan zoben maganadisu. , wanda nan da nan ya haifar da tafiyar T2.Tunda ana cajin C2 da wani irin ƙarfin lantarki a gaba, bayan an kunna T2, C2 zai fita ta R6, R5 da T2 don samar da wutar lantarki akan R5 kuma ya kunna T1 don kunnawa.Bayan an kunna T1 da T2, abin da ke gudana ta hanyar L yana ƙaruwa sosai, ta yadda wutar lantarki ke aiki kuma an cire haɗin K1.Ayyukan maɓallin gwaji shine duba ko aikin na'urar ba ta da kyau a kowane lokaci.Ka'idar aikin electromagnet da ke haifar da zub da jini na kayan lantarki iri ɗaya ne.R1 varistor ne don kariyar wuce gona da iri.Wannan ainihin ya ƙunshi mafi mahimmancin aikin kariyar ɗigowa a cikin ƙa'idar aiki na mai ɓarkewar kewayawa.
A ƙarshe, a taƙaice bayyana ƙa'idar aiki da wasu aikace-aikacen gama gari na gama-gari na keɓan zazzagewar gida.A matsayin ingantaccen na'urar fasahar aminci ta lantarki,leakage circuit breakeran yi amfani da shi sosai kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa.Kamar yadda binciken likita ya nuna, lokacin da jikin ɗan adam ya fallasa zuwa 50Hz alternating current kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya kai 30mA ko ƙasa da haka, yana iya jure wa wasu mintuna.Wannan yana bayyana amintaccen halin ɗan adam na girgiza wutar lantarki kuma yana ba da tushen kimiyya don ƙira da zaɓin na'urorin kariya masu yabo.Don haka, ana saita na'urori masu rarraba wutar lantarki a cikin reshen wutar lantarki inda na'urorin tafi da gidanka da na'urori a wuraren rigar suke.Yana da ma'auni mai tasiri don hana hulɗar kai tsaye da girgiza wutar lantarki.A cikin ma'auni na kasa, a bayyane yake cewa "sai dai ga soket na wutar lantarki, sauran na'urorin lantarki za a sanye su da na'urorin kariya na leaka".Ayyukan leaka na yanzu shine 30mA kuma lokacin aikin shine 0.1s.Ina ganin waɗannan suna da mahimmanci ga rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun kuma sun cancanci kulawarmu.
Jadawalin tsari na ƙa'idar aiki na mai kariyar zubar da ruwa na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na waya mai kashi huɗu.TA shine jerin sifili na yanzu, GF shine babban canji, kuma TL shine juzu'in sakin babban maɓalli.
A ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa da'irar da aka kayyade tana aiki kullum ba tare da yatsa ko girgiza wutar lantarki ba, bisa ga dokar Kirchhoff, jimillar phasors na yanzu a gefen farko na TA daidai yake da sifili, wato, ta wannan hanyar, sashin na biyu na TA ya yi. ba ya haifar da ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo, mai karewa ba ya aiki, kuma tsarin yana kula da samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.
Lokacin da yayyo ya faru a cikin da'irar da aka karewa ko kuma wani ya sami girgizar wutar lantarki, saboda kasancewar ɗigogi a halin yanzu, jimlar phasor ɗin kowane lokaci na halin yanzu da ke wucewa ta ɓangaren farko na TA baya daidai da sifili, yana haifar da ɗigowar IK na yanzu.
Madadin motsin maganadisu yana bayyana a cikin ainihin.Karkashin aikin sauya yanayin jujjuyawar maganadisu, ana haifar da ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar a cikin coil a gefen na biyu na TL.Ana sarrafa siginar yayyo kuma ana kwatanta shi ta hanyar tsaka-tsaki.Lokacin da ya kai ƙimar da aka ƙididdigewa, coil TL na sakin shunt na babban maɓalli yana ƙarfafawa, ana tura babban maɓalli na GF don tafiya ta atomatik, kuma an yanke da'irar kuskure, don samun kariya.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-11-2022